![]() In the aftermath of World War II, the territory taken by the Red Army formed various Soviet satellite states. The combined Soviet civilian and military casualty count-estimated to be around 27 million people-accounted for the majority of losses of Allied forces. After the outbreak of World War II, Germany invaded the Soviet Union. Stalin conducted the Great Purge to remove his actual and perceived opponents. The labour camp system of the Gulag was also expanded in this period. Stalin inaugurated a period of rapid industrialization and forced collectivization that led to significant economic growth, but also contributed to a famine in 1930–1933 that killed millions. Following Lenin's death in 1924, Joseph Stalin came to power. By 1922 the Bolsheviks under Vladimir Lenin had emerged victorious, forming the Soviet Union. Persisting internal tensions escalated into the Russian Civil War. The Bolshevik coup led to the establishment of the Russian Soviet Republic, the world's first constitutionally guaranteed socialist state. The country's roots lay in the October Revolution of 1917, when the Bolsheviks, under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Russian Provisional Government that had earlier replaced the House of Romanov of the Russian Empire. It was the largest country in the world, covering over 22,402,200 square kilometres (8,649,500 sq mi) and spanning eleven time zones. Other major cities included Leningrad (Russian SFSR), Kiev (Ukrainian SSR), Minsk (Byelorussian SSR), Tashkent (Uzbek SSR), Alma-Ata (Kazakh SSR), and Novosibirsk (Russian SFSR). It was a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with the city of Moscow serving as its capital as well as that of its largest and most populous republic: the Russian SFSR. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national republics in practice, both its government and its economy were highly centralized until its final years. Soyuz Sovyetskikh Sotsyialistichyeskikh Respublik (Russian spelling of USSR)Ĭosmic Communist Constructions PhotographedĬontact Consulting Communication and ProjectsĬalifornia Construction Contracting ProgramĬccp The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.
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